Testing for RMSF should be considered for any person with a compatible illness and known risk factors, such as:.The optimal diagnostic test depends on the timing relative to symptom onset and the type of specimen(s) available for testing.However, do not delay treatment while waiting for diagnostic test results. Order diagnostic tests for patients with illness clinically compatible with RMSF.
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This video focuses on the use of polymerase chain reaction (or PCR) tests, and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay for rickettsial disease diagnosis.Īccess the Fact Sheet pdf icon This video provides information on rickettsial disease diagnostic methods for healthcare providers, including what tests are available and when it is most appropriate to collect samples. Rickettsial Disease Diagnostic Testing and Interpretation for Healthcare Providers Laboratory confirmation is helpful for disease surveillance and understanding burden of RMSF infection in the United States, but should not be relied upon to make a treatment decision.Maintain clinical suspicion of RMSF for cases of non-specific febrile illness and sepsis of unknown origin, particularly during spring and summer months when ticks are most active.Travel history (domestic and international) to areas where RMSF is endemic.In Arizona and Mexico, ask about exposure to dogs. Exposure to areas where ticks are commonly found, including wooded areas or brushy areas with high grasses and leaf litter.Do not rule out a tickborne infection if your patient does not remember a tick bite. Many people do not remember being bitten. Always take a thorough patient history, including:.Nonetheless, early consideration of rickettsial disease in the differential diagnosis and empiric treatment is crucial to prevent severe illness and death. Signs and symptoms can vary from patient to patient and can resemble other, more common diseases. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) can be difficult to diagnose due to the non-specific signs and symptoms in early stages of illness.Early recognition and treatment with doxycycline is critical to survival.
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